Introduction: A quick scene, a fact and a question I once stood on a shop floor watching a packing line cough and stop every few minutes — you feel it, the whole team tenses up. In that very line a single lid applicator machine handled hundreds of tubs an hour (60–90, depending on the run) and still caused more headaches than you’d expect. The data is blunt: small stoppages add up to big losses — minutes here, lost cases there — so how do we stop wasting time and money on what should be a simple step? I want to walk you through what I’ve seen work and where people…